Machine data collection networks – Wired and Wireless
Machine data collection requires machines to be connected in a variety of ways to the computer that has the software for analyzing and taking action on the data.
Industry 4.0 involves these:
1. Capture of data from the machine.
2. Transfer of the data to a computer that has software for analyzing the raw data.
3. Reporting the data to people, or sending it to other software.
The computer can be on-premise, meaning within the physical boundaries of the organization, or on the Cloud. Connection can be via a mobile phone network or via wired or WiFi LAN and broadband. These are the options available for machine data collection.
On-premise system
The sensors on machines send data to a server within your organization. The connection between sensors and the server can be wired or WiFi LAN. Users can see reports if they are on the same LAN, from within the shop floor.
Cloud based system
The sensors on machines send data to a Cloud server outside your organization. The connection between sensors on the machine can be direct IOT, via a mobile phone network, by wired LAN or WiFi LAN. Users can see reports from anywhere on earth, on the Web. In the case of the direct IOT via the mobile phone network, there is no IT infrastructure required on the shop floor for data transfer. In the wired or WiFi LAN systems, you need LAN cabling, switches, access points, repeaters, etc. In the on-premise system, you additionally need a server within the organization.
Here are the layouts for various systems of data transfer from the sensor to the server.
Cloud based systems
IOT hardware to mobile phone network to Cloud
WiFi LAN to Broadband internet to Cloud
Wired LAN to broadband internet to Cloud
LEANworx Cloud is a Cloud based system that supports all the 3 connection options above – IOT direct to cloud, WiFi LAN and Wired LAN.
On-premise server systems
WiFi LAN to on-premise server
Wired LAN to on-premise server
Requirements for various machine data collection systems
Yes means Required, No means Not required.
| IOT sensors direct to Cloud server | WiFi LAN to Cloud server | Wired LAN to Cloud server | WiFi LAN to on-premise server | Wired LAN to on-premise server | |
| Server in your organization with mirror server, RAID | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Infra for server: room with physical protection, air-conditioning, 24/7 power | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| IT personnel for server maintenance | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| IT personnel for LAN maintenance | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| LAN cabling in shop floor | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Wired or WiFi LAN infra on shop floor: switches, WiFi access points | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Etc
What is Proof and ABV on alco(hic!)hol bottles ?
Alcohol by Volume, or ABV, is the percentage of ethyl alcohol in the total volume. You’ll find ABV Alcohol by Volume also written as ABV, V/V, or alc/vol. All these mean the same thing – 40 ml of alcohol in every 100 ml of contents (the other 60 ml being mainly water): 40 % V/V, 40 % ABV, Alc. 40% by vol, 40 % vol, 40% alc/vol.
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Proof is a more complicated and confusing term. The term ‘Proof’ originated in England 500 years ago. Rum was taxed at different rates depending on its alcohol content. The rum was tested by soaking a pellet of gunpowder in it. If the gunpowder could still burn after the soaking, the rum was rated as ‘above proof’ and taxed at a higher rate. Gunpowder would not burn after soaking in rum that had less than 57.15% ABV. So rum that contained this percentage of alcohol was said to be “100° (one hundred degrees) proof”.
To convert Proof to ABV, just multiply by 0.5715. See the label below, and note the year of manufacture. It’s 86 % ABV (that’s a crazy amount – the average whisky is about 40 %), which means 86 % alcohol and 14 % water. The label actually says “flammable”.
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In the US, proof merely meant 2 x ABV. So if a bottle said 100 % Proof, it meant 50 % ABV.
Very confusing, this Proof business. Happily for us tipplers of today, Proof is obsolete.
ABV, which is easy to understand even with faculties dulled by alcohol, is the standard used the world over. Here’s a page that has ABV for various types of liquor.
About his blog from LEANworx: Plug-and-play Industry 4.0 system for MSMEs.
